My second major foray into C++ Coding, courtesy of the Codecademy TicTacToe Project. The platform was being a bit flaky with saves on the day I coded this project, so to avoid frustration I moved offline, completing it in Visual Studio and learnt how to push my repository onto GitHub in the process. All this knowledge is starting to sink in!
Anyway, the premise of the project was to create a program that will manage a game of Tic Tac Toe (or Noughts and Crosses to us Brits) for two players sharing the same terminal. As always, my code comes with the caveat that I am self-taught, so have little doubt that things can be done more efficiently. I welcome encouragement and friendly tips on how to improve!
My version of the game checks for the case where all squares are filled with no winner (a draw!) and rejects invalid inputs from players (either where the selected square is already occupied or does not exist). Here’s some actual gameplay footage!
Starting with int main():
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include "ttt.hpp"
int main() {
std::vector<std::string> grid = start_grid();
display_grid(grid);
play_game(grid);
}
My header file, containing function declarations:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
std::vector<std::string> start_grid();
void display_grid(std::vector<std::string> grid);
void play_game(std::vector<std::string> &game_grid);
bool check_win(std::vector<std::string> check_grid, std::string check_symbol);
And finally my function code:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include "ttt.hpp"
std::vector<std::string> start_grid(){
std::vector<std::string> start_grid = {};
for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++){
start_grid.push_back(std::to_string(i));
}
return start_grid;
}
void display_grid(std::vector<std::string> grid){
std::cout << " * * \n";
std::cout << " " + grid[0] + " * " + grid[1] + " * " + grid[2] + " \n";
std::cout << " * * \n";
std::cout << "*****************\n";
std::cout << " * * \n";
std::cout << " " + grid[3] + " * " + grid[4] + " * " + grid[5] + " \n";
std::cout << " * * \n";
std::cout << "*****************\n";
std::cout << " * * \n";
std::cout << " " + grid[6] + " * " + grid[7] + " * " + grid[8] + " \n";
std::cout << " * * \n";
}
void play_game(std::vector<std::string> &game_grid){
//initialise variables for gameplay
int player = 0;
std::vector<std::string> symbols = {"X", "O"};
int choice;
int turn_count = 0;
while (turn_count < 9){
//get player input
std::cout << "Player " << player+1 << " turn.\nChoose a numbered square to play.\nYour symbol is " + symbols[player] + ".\n";
std::cin >> choice;
//check for valid choice
if (choice < 1 || choice > 9){
std::cout << "That is not a valid numbered square.\n";
//toggle player to remain that players turn
player = !player;
turn_count--;
} else if (game_grid[choice - 1] == "X" || game_grid[choice - 1] == "O") {
std::cout << "That square is already taken.\n";
//toggle player to remain that players turn
player = !player;
turn_count--;
} else {
game_grid[choice - 1] = symbols[player];
}
display_grid(game_grid);
if (check_win(game_grid, symbols[player])){
std::cout << "Player " << player+1 << " wins!\n";
break;
}
turn_count++;
player = !player;
}
if (!check_win(game_grid, symbols[player])){
std::cout << "Game Over! It's a draw!\n";
}
}
bool check_win(std::vector<std::string> check_grid, std::string check_symbol){
std::string win_cond = check_symbol + check_symbol + check_symbol;
std::vector<std::string> win_lines;
//horizontal win lines
win_lines.push_back(check_grid[0]+check_grid[1]+check_grid[2]);
win_lines.push_back(check_grid[3]+check_grid[4]+check_grid[5]);
win_lines.push_back(check_grid[6]+check_grid[7]+check_grid[8]);
//vertical win lines
win_lines.push_back(check_grid[0]+check_grid[3]+check_grid[6]);
win_lines.push_back(check_grid[1]+check_grid[4]+check_grid[7]);
win_lines.push_back(check_grid[2]+check_grid[5]+check_grid[8]);
//diagonal win lines
win_lines.push_back(check_grid[0]+check_grid[4]+check_grid[8]);
win_lines.push_back(check_grid[2]+check_grid[4]+check_grid[6]);
for (std::string line:win_lines){
if (line == win_cond){
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
mrn00b0t 